National Grid

National Grid's story begins in the early 20th century, a time when Britain's electricity supply was a fragmented patchwork of small, inefficient local networks. Recognizing the need for a unified system, the government commissioned the Weir Report in 1925, which recommended the creation of a 'national gridiron'. This led to the Electricity (Supply) Act of 1926 and the establishment of the Central Electricity Board (CEB). The CEB's monumental task was to standardize the nation's electricity supply, and by 1935, the UK's National Grid was born, commencing commercial operation of the 132kV national transmission system – the first integrated national grid in the world. This new grid proved its worth, connecting the most efficient power stations to consumers and by the start of World War II, two-thirds of British homes were connected.

The post-war era saw a surge in electricity demand. By 1950, it was clear the existing network couldn't keep pace, leading to the ambitious project of creating a 275kV 'supergrid', with lines capable of carrying 400kV in the future. The electricity industry was nationalized in 1947, and in 1957, the Central Electricity Generating Board (CEGB) was formed to manage generation and transmission. A significant shift occurred in 1990 with the privatization of the electricity industry. The transmission activities of the CEGB were transferred to the National Grid Company plc. This new entity was initially owned by regional electricity companies before being listed on the London Stock Exchange in December 1995. The turn of the millennium marked a period of expansion and internationalization. National Grid Group acquired US companies New England Electric System and Eastern Utilities Associates in 2000, followed by Niagara Mohawk Power Corporation in New York in 2002. A major merger with Lattice Group in 2002, owner of the Transco gas distribution business, led to the company being renamed National Grid Transco plc, significantly expanding its footprint into gas transmission. The company rebranded to National Grid plc in 2005. Today, National Grid is a major international electricity and gas utility, playing a vital role in delivering energy to millions in the UK and the northeastern United States, and is at the forefront of the transition to a cleaner, more resilient energy future.